Work equipment in use
PUWER & Machine Guarding
PUWER places duties on those who provide or control work equipment. For machinery, that includes suitable guarding, safe controls, maintenance, inspection, information and competence.
- Scope
- Work equipment in use
- Guarding
- Regulation 11 hierarchy
- Dutyholder
- Employer / person in control
Direct answer
What does PUWER mean for machine guarding?
Access to dangerous parts should be prevented, or movement stopped before a person reaches the danger zone. Fixed guarding is normally preferred where practical; interlocked guards or protective devices may be needed where routine access is required.
The correct combination depends on the machine and tasks. Guarding also has to remain effective through inspection, maintenance and change.
Practical hierarchy
Start with robust physical measures.
This summary reflects HSE’s machinery-safety guidance. The detailed legal requirements and Approved Code of Practice should be consulted for the specific situation.
- 01
Fixed guards where practical
Enclose dangerous parts using guards secured so that removal requires a tool.
- 02
Other guards or protective devices
Where fixed guarding is not practical, use interlocking, guard locking, trip devices or other suitable measures.
- 03
Protection aids where guards cannot fully protect
Use jigs, holders, push sticks or similar measures where appropriate.
- 04
Information, instruction and safe systems
Control residual risk through competent use, training, supervision and suitable procedures.
Beyond the initial installation
Guarding must remain effective in use.
- Inspect safety-related parts where deterioration could create risk.
- Repair damage, poor alignment and bypassed devices promptly.
- Control changes to machinery, controls and operating methods.
- Provide safe isolation and maintenance arrangements for intervention.
- Keep inspection and maintenance records suited to the equipment and risk.
Official references
Primary guidance used for this page.
Source review date: 225 August 2026. This page provides general information, not legal advice.
